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This is PART #3 of the document. It contains excerpts from pages 41 through page 51.
The previous part of the document is at this link.
The UN Security Council Document:
A/46/171
S/25635
2 June 1993
Distibution: GENERAL
MEMORANDUM ON WAR CRIMES
AND CRIMES AND GENOCIDE IN EASTERN BOSNIA
(COMMUNES OF BRATUNAC, SKELANI AND SREBRENICA)
COMMITTED AGAINST THE SERBIAN POPULATION
FROM APRIL 1992 TO APRIL 1993
ORIGINAL: ENGLISH
GENERAL ASSEMBLY
Forty-eighth
session
Item 115 (c) of the
preliminary list*
HUMAN RIGHTS
QUESTIONS: HUMAN RIGHTS
SITUATIONS AND
REPORTS OF SPECIAL
RAPPORTEURS AND
REPRESENTATIVES
SECURITY COUNCIL
Forty-eighth year
Massacred Persons
The cruelty and insidiousness exhibited in the attacks on Serb
villages, the ruthlessness towards villagers taken prisoner or
captured, without distinction as to sex, age, whether they are
soldiers or civilians, healthy or wounded and ill, the bestial
treatment in prisons in which no water or food is the mildest
punishment, represents a special chapter in fhe events in this
region. It is hard to say whether such an attitude stems from the
religious fanaticism of Islam, their jihad, or from the aroused
basic, animal instincts of their warriors. And perhaps simply
sadists, torturers and killers by nature, led the actions and
gave the orders. Irrespective of the reasons, the consequences for
the Serbian people are horrendous.
Many of the killed, but also of the wounded and even live and
uninjured people were burned together with the houses they had
been occupying. That happened in Zalazje on St. Peter's Day (July
12, i992), where about twenty people were burned in three
buildings. Or in Podravanje, where people were roasted on the spit
(on the basis of the found corpses it could not be concluded
whether the victims had already been dead or had been tortured
thus whde still alive). People were burned in their homes in many
villages: Bljeceva, Krnjici, Ratkovici, Jezestica. Tens of family
houses ware consumed in flames together with their occupants.
Many of the killed persons who were exchanged or were pulled out
in other ways from the place of their death had traces of burns,
parts of their bodies were charred, their throats had been slit,
skulls smashed, arms and legs broken and in several cases, their
heads had been cut off. Not infrequently even the dead were
massacred.
A very large number of the victim were killed in very perfidious
ways in various ambushes and by individual rifle shots (snipers).
Vehicles and passers-by were waylaid not only on local and
regional thoroughfares but also in fields, country lanes, forest
paths... Everywhere where people moved. Almost a third of those
on the attached list were killed in ambushes.
It is not even possible to imagine the number of people massacred,
burned, those whose throats were slit, or were killed in other
ways in prisons in the Moslem-controlled area. The truth about the
fate of imprisoned and detained Serbs will have to wait for better
times. It is to be expected that at such a time the documentation
which we have will have to undergo radical changes and that the
final death and casualties toll will present an even more tragic
picture.
On the basis of preliminary insight into the massacres committed
over the civilian population or prisoners or detainees, the first
findings and results of investigations so far can be given.
Victims put to death by torture or massacred, which is testified
to by either authentic documentation or witnesses are exclusively
in question.
It is thus quite certain that the following persons were
massacred and put to death by torture:
- Kristina Lazic, Brezani, blind girl, mental patient, burned in
her house on June 30, 1992.
- [Woman] Kosana (Novak) Zekic, [age 64, born] 1928, Bljeceva, her throat was slit in her
house in the same village on May 6, 1992.
- Radojko (Rajko) MiloSevic, [age 64, born] 1928, burned in his own house while
celebrating St. George's Day on May 6.
- Sekula (Nikola) Ristanovic, [age 86 (!), born] 1906, Osredak, burned in his house
on May 15, 1992.
- Nenad (Bora) Rankic, 1967, [born in] Srebrenica, caught and tortured
bestially by knives, fire and blunt objects.Died on May 26, 1992
in the Moslem village of Cizmici.
- [Woman, age 60] Dikosava (Drago) Petrovie, 1932, Oparci, her throat was slit in
her village on June 1,1992.
- Srecko (Drago) Spajib, [born in] 1928 [age 64], Obadi, throat slit in his village
on June 8, 1992.
- Milovan (Andjelko) Grujicic, 1943, Gostilj, his throat was slit
in the village of Zalazje on June 8, 1992.
- [Woman] Dostana Cvijetinovic, Obadi, killed after torture in Zalazje on
June 8, 1992.
- Zivorad (Sreten) Zaric, 1956, Tegare, bestially tortured and
killed in the same village on June 9, 1992.
- Milojko (Milovan) Gagic, 1947, Karna, died under torture in the,
same village on June 15, 1992.
- Radomir (Milorad) Maksimovic, 1942, Ratkoviei, died after
torture in the same village on June 21, 1992.
- [Woman] Desanka (Pera) Stanojevic, Ratkovici, burned in her house in the
same village on June 21,' 1992.
- Radenko (Milorad) Stanojevic, 1940, his throat was slit in the
same village in his house on June 21, 1992.
- Vidoje (Srecko) Radovanovic, 1939, Zabokvica, killed with a
blunt abject, a sledgehammer, in the same village on July 2,
1992.
- Nodjo (Borisav) Simic, 1951, Krnjici, his throat was slit in the
village of Radosevici on July 3,1992.
- [80 years old man] Vaso Poraca, 1912, Krnjici, his throat was slit in his house
the same village on July 5, 1992.
- [Woman] Dusanka (PeriSa) Paunovic, 1954, Zagoni, killed by a blunt
object, a sledgehammer, in the same village on July 5.
- [Woman] Rada (Ilija) Milosevic, 1968, Zagoni, massacred in the same
village on July 5,1992.
- [Woman] Radinka (Dragomir) Cvjetinovic, 1952, Azlica, massacred in
Zalazje on July 12, 1992.
- Marko (Jakov) Micic, 1949, Slapasnica, wounded and taken
prisoner and his throat was slit in the village of Glogova on July
24, 1992.
- Vidoje (Pavle) Lazic, 1537, Brezani, crucified and burned on
July 30, 1992.
- [Woman] Ljubica (Drago) Gagic, 1950, Pribicevac, committed suicide in
prison in Srebrenica, because of constant maltreatment and
torture, probably on on July 7 ,1992.
- Andjelko (Ljubomir) Mladjenovic, 1965, Jezestica, caught while
with his mother on his holding, his head was cut off and
taken away from the place of the crime on August 8, 1992.
- [Woman] Savka (Obren) Mladjenovic, 1931, Jezestica, caught and killed
while working with her son on their holding on August 8, 1992.
- Branislav (Svetozar) Lazic, 1937, Toplica, massacred in the
same village on August 10, 1992.
- Dragomir (Jefta) Mitrovic, 1939, Ranca, died under torture in
the Moslem village of Potocari on August 12, 1992.
- Milog (Veselin) Jovanovic, 1928, Loznica, killed in the same
village on decembcr 14, 1992.
- Uros Jovanovic, 1921, Mlecva, beaten in the prison in Srebrenica
or in Potocari as a consequence of which he died in the ZVornik hospital.
- Bozidar (Nikola) Kovacic, Tegare, due to torture committed
suicide in the Moslem village of Potocari.
- Rado Jovanovic from Fakovici killed as a prisoner,
- Krsto (Dugan) Lazic, 1933, Brana Bacici, his throat was slit on
January 1, 1993.
- Simo Tanasijevic, Cicevci, found killed and castrated.
- Aleksa (Stevan) Peric, 1928, Radosevici, tortured and his throat
was slit, a letter "U" was carved on his chest, and then he was
burned on May 15, 1992.
- Milun Zaric, 1957, Tegare, tortured and his throat was slit in
his own house.
- Zivan (Petar) Prodanovie, 1966, Ratkoviei, h i s throat was slit
in the same village on June 21, 1992.
- Nikola (Todor) Stanojevic, 1958, Ratkovici, massacred and burned
in the same village on June 21, 1992.
- [Woman] Milka Prodanovic, Sikiric, burned in her house.
- Mato (Ratko) Matic, 1966, Postolje, his throat was slit in his
house in the same village in May 1992.
- Milos (Rade) Novakovic, ,1956, Brezani, killed by an axe, his
head was cut off and taken away, the body buried on June 30, 1992.
- Radomir (Marko) Milanovic, 1966, Toplica, his throat was slit
and he was burned in his house on June 2, 1992.
- [Woman] Zora (Drago) Prodanovic, Ratkovici, maltreated and killed in her
house on June 21, 1992.
- Stojan (Dragomir) Stevanovic, 1939, Ratkovici, tortured, beaten
with a blunt object, especially about the head, stabbed by a
knife, found castrated with his penis in his mouth, on June 21, 1992.
- [Woman] Soka Vujic, 1932, Krnjici, found killed and her body stabbed
with a pitchfork.
- Milisav (Mika) Rankic, 1947, Brezani, burned in his house in the
same village on June 30, 1992.
- Mirko (Milisav) Rankic, 1972, Brezani, burned in his house in
the same village on June 30, 1992.
- Dragosav (Milisav) Rankic, 1914, Brezani, burned in his house
in the same village on June 30, 1992.
This list of victims which we have already said to be only
provisional and incomplete as well as the additional list of
tortured and massacred persons, also provisional and incomplete,
are sufficient testomony of the heavy death toll exacted from the
Serbs in villages and settlements and even in houses in which they
had been living from times immemorial. This misfortune is only
heightened by the fact that the initiators and direct perpetrators
of all these massacres and crimes against the Serbian nation is
the local Moslem population, not for the first time in our more
recent history.
DESTROYED PERSONAL PROPERTY AND MATERIAL GOODS
The destroyed goods and property of the villagers and their
families become insignificant in the face of their immense
personal tragedies and ordeals. Nevertheless, it is impossible and
would be unfair to disregard the consequences of the ruthless
destruction of Serb villages and Serb houses in mixed settlements
and towns. Their owners, those who are still alive, but also the
families of those who have been killed, are today refugees living
off the aid of others and the generosity of those who have taken
them in. All their former movable and immovable property has been
either destroyed or plundered and taken away. This is undoubtedly
property of great value, that had been acquired painstakingly over
many years of hard work.
In Bosansko Podrinje (the Drina river valley area), as in other
parts of Bosnia and Berzegovina, for the third time in this
century, everything that the Serb population had was destroyed.
The same thing is happening in this war, which is still raging, as
in the previous two wars. Almost every Serb house stood only to
the next war. That is why every generation had to build anew, and
everything they created lasted at most for several decades between
wars. Through some irony of fate people became witnesses of the
destruction of what they had created but rarely of the renewal of
their households. That was left to the children to whom the same
would happen again just like it happened to their parents. And,
now for the third time. The only thing left to them from their
grandfathers and from their fathers are meadows, pastures,
forests, i.e. titles to the land and the sites of their ancestral
homesteads. Once again, in barren areas and barren land. The
present young generation shall have to start all over again,
mainly single-handedly and without their parents. That is the
fourth generation to have to do so after three wars and three
devastations in the 20th century.
Of a total of 5759 Serb families in the communes of Bratunac,
Skelani and Sreabrenica, 4246 or 74% have remained without their
holdings. The number of destroyed family houses is approximately
the same and that of other auxiliary facilities (stables, pens,
cribs, sheds, silos, summer lean-tos, etc) comprised within a
rural household, is even larger. In this case too, we will be able
to give more precise data only after the war is over. In addition
to the above, with respect to immovable property, on this occasion
we should at least mention the destroyed or seized business
facilities, the number and value of which cannot even be estimated
at this point of time. These are artisan workshops, trading
outlets, catering facilities, premises for hire, and especially,
means of production: technical facilities, machines and apparata,
tools... It is impossible to determine the worth of all this, i.e.
the amount of war damage the Moslems caused the Serbs by
destroying their immovable property alone.
It is no less difficult to establish the damage caused by the
looting and destruction of their movable property: household
appliances and effects, furniture, food. Here too in question is
the property of the already mentioned 4246 families inhabiting
before their banishment the 79 today destroyed settlements and
villages of the commine of Bratunac, Srebrenica and Skelani. (We
should perhaps draw attention to the fact that in this area there
were a total of 130 villages, of which 37 purely Moslem, 39 purely
Serb and the remaining 59 were mixed. In the mixed ones all the
Serb hamlets were destroyed and burned). Accorrding to estimates
made on the basis of statistical data from the 1991 census of the
livestock in individual villages, and data - on the number of saved
livestock, about 6730 heads of cattle, 1.400 of sheep, 33000
of paultry were stolen. The case of pigs is interesting. About
11000 were destroyed. They were mainly killed or burned in their
pens, but there are testimonies to the effect that they were taken
away to be eaten. The only thging not known now is whether the
Moslems broke the rules of Islam or had in their ranks
mercenariess, Christians, whom they supplied with pork.
This is a hilly and mountainous region, which means that the main
source of livelihood is agriculture and livestook breeding. The
losses of livestock alone were about US $10 million in current
prices. And that is perhaps the smallest part of the overall
losses. At the same time, Moslem villagers and families looted so
much that today they have all kinds of things, including livestock
and food, like they never had before. An exception perhaps, are
the years of the past wars.
The mentioned losses do not include the property damaged in the
Serb settlements exposed to constant shelling from Moslem heavy
artillery.
REFUGEES
People who lost their property, whose houses were destroyed and
whose lives were in constant danger had no other alternative but
to abandon everything and seek refuge in other places and towns.
This was also done by the villagers of the burned and razed Serb
villages in the communes of Skelani, Srebrenica and Bratunac.
Having lost virtually everything they set out to places in which
they could expect at least some degree of safety for themselves
and their families. Many of them have remained near their villages
hoping to return to them soon. Others went to places where they
have kinsmen. And many of them, who had no other option, sought
refuge with different humanitarian organizations i.e. their
refugee centres.
This exodus involved a large number of people, in particular the
vulnerable ones, children, women, the elderly and the sick, and
has been going on for almost a year now.
According to the data of the Republican Statistical Office and the
Republican Committee of the Red Cross, the number of refugees from
the areas of the communes of Bratunac, Srebrenica and Skelani,
registered in January 1993 was 9,661, or 45% of the number of
inhabitant, of Serb nationality in these communes. But this figure
should not be taken at face value because Moslems, at least from
the areas of the mentioned communes, account for 24% of the
refugees in Serbia. The stated number of refugees is neither
complete nor final. In order to avoid military service many men
have not registered as refugees... This is particularly true of
Serbs of conscription age. In addition, there are both Serb and
Noslem refugees from this territory, albeit in much smaller
numbers, in the neighbouring Republic of Montenegro, as well as
abroad. It is already evident that refugee migrations are very
frequent and dynamic.
Persons who are well-off mainly do not register with the competent
services, the Red Cross and Commissioner for Refuqees, and
thereby do not verify their refugee status. The extent of their
well-being is another matter. These records largely exclude
children, especially those taken in by the close relatives of
their parents.
However, irrespective of all this the sad truth stands that almost
a half of the Serb population of the communes in question is
outside not only their communes but also their-state.
End of the integral text contained on pages 41 through 51.
A photocopy of the document is available, in PDF form, at
this link.
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